Qurrat al-ʿAyn [Commentary on al-Waraqat]
- Description
- Curriculum
Al-Hattab’s (d. 954) “Qurrat Al-Ayn bi Sharh Waraqat al-Imam al-Haramayn” is a comprehensive commentary on “Al-Waraqat,” a foundational text in Usul al-Fiqh (principles of Islamic jurisprudence) by Imam al-Juwayni. The work aims to elucidate and expand upon the concise yet profound points made in the original text, making it accessible to both beginners and advanced students of Islamic legal theory.
Key Features of the Commentary:
-
Detailed Explanations: Al-Hattab delves deeply into the definitions, classifications, and applications of key terms and concepts in Usul al-Fiqh, such as rulings (ahkam), evidence (dalil), commands (amr), prohibitions (nahi), and consensus (ijma).
-
Clarification of Ambiguities: The commentary addresses areas of ambiguity in the original text, providing examples, analogies, and scholarly insights to ensure clarity.
-
Integration of Classical Scholarship: Al-Hattab references other classical works and opinions of major scholars, situating “Al-Waraqat” within the broader Islamic intellectual tradition.
-
Emphasis on Practical Application: While maintaining theoretical rigor, the commentary also highlights how these principles apply in deriving Islamic rulings and addressing contemporary issues.
-
Accessibility: Though aimed at students of Usul al-Fiqh, the commentary is written in a manner that facilitates understanding for those with a foundational knowledge of Islamic sciences.
Significance:
“Qurrat Al-Ayn” has been praised for its depth and clarity, making it a cornerstone text for those studying Islamic legal theory in the Maliki tradition and beyond. Al-Hattab builds upon previous commentaries of “Al-Waraqat” and attempts to improve the widely relied upon commentary of the Shafi’ jurist Al-Mahalli (d. 864) by reworking it. It serves as a bridge between introductory texts like “Al-Waraqat” and more advanced works in the field.
In This Course:
Sh. Fahd employs a comprehensive and engaging teaching methodology to ensure students gain a deep understanding of “Qurrat Al-Ayn” and its foundational text, “Al-Waraqat.” His approach includes the following elements:
-
Complete Translation of the Text
- Students are provided with a thorough translation of the core text, facilitating accessibility and comprehension for those without advanced proficiency in Arabic.
-
Deciphering the Text
- Sh. Fahd meticulously unpacks complex phrases and concepts, breaking them down into manageable components to enhance student understanding.
-
Gloss of Al-Hadda (d. 1197)
- The instructor incorporates insights from Al-Hadda’s gloss, enriching the study with valuable interpretations and scholarly perspectives.
-
References to Other Works of Usul
- Relevant works of Usul al-Fiqh are referenced to broaden the students’ perspective and situate the discussion within the 4 schools.
-
Comparative Analysis & Contrasting
- A comparison with Al-Mahalli’s commentary and Al-Hattab’s during certain discussions and the nuanced contrasts between the Hanafi and Hanbali positions on select topics.
By integrating translation, commentary, comparative analysis, and cross-Madhhab perspectives, Sh. Fahd’s course delivery provides students with a rich, multidimensional understanding of Usul al-Fiqh.
-
1Author’s IntroductionVideo lesson
- The Title & the Author
- The Commentaries on Imam al-Haramayn’s “al-Waraqāt”
- The Author’s Reason for Writing a Commentary
- The Benefits or “Fawāʾid” Found in Commentaries
- The Special Features of this Commentary on “al-Waraqāt”
-
2Biography of Imam al-HaramaynVideo lesson
-
3The Five Categories of Legislative Rulings (al-Ahkam al-Khamsah)Video lesson
-
4Commands (al-Amr) I: IntroductionVideo lesson
- Translation and Decipherment of the Text
- Definition of the “Command” (Amr)
- The Hanbali and Hanafi Positions
- Obligation, Recommendation & Commands
- Confines of a Command & its Reward
- The Role of Speech & Exclusions
-
5Commands (al-Amr) II: ImplicationsVideo lesson
- Condition of the Attitude of Superiority (Istiʿlāʾ)
- Condition of the Position of Superiority (ʿUluww)
- Difference Between the Two Conditions
- Signification of Obligation (Wujub) & Its Literality
- Is Recommendation (Nadb) a Command?
-
6Commands (al-Amr) III: ExpressionVideo lesson
- Verbal Forms of Command
- The Legal Consequence of Command
- Commands Signifying Recommendation (Nadb)
- Commands Signifying Permissiblity (Ibāḥah)
- Contextual Directors (Qarāʾin) for Commands
- Examples for Each Concept
-
7Prohibition (al-Nahy) & Its ImplicationsVideo lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
8The Generic (al-‘Amm) & Its ExpressionsVideo lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
9The Specific (al-Khass) I: DefinitionVideo lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
10The Specific (al-Khass) II: Connected ParticularizationVideo lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
11The Apparent (al-Zahir) & The Interpreted (al-Mu’awwal)Video lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
12Actions of the Prophet ﷺ (al-Af’al) I :Definitions & ImplicationsVideo lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
13Actions of the Prophet ﷺ (al-Af’al) II: Divisions & OpinionsVideo lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
14Tacit Approval of the Prophet (al-Iqrar)Video lesson
- Is the Tacit Approval (Iqrār) Valid Evidence?
- Approvals of the Prophet ﷺ for Speech & Action
- Negation of the Prophet ﷺ Through Inaction
- Approval After the Occurrence
-
15Abrogation (al-Naskh)Video lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
16Types of Abrogation I: Scripture & RulingVideo lesson
- Abrogation of the Text (Tilāwah) & the Ruling (Ḥukm)
- Abrogation of the Text Alone
- Abrogation of the Ruling Alone
- Evidence & Examples for the Three Types
- Can Abrogation Occur After the Prophet ﷺ?
-
17Types of Abrogation II: Divine Revelation & Prophetic SpeechVideo lesson
- Abrogation and Replacement of Rulings
- Abrogation of Strict Rulings & Vice Versa
- Abrogations of the Qurʾān by the Sunnah & Vice Versa
- Abrogation of Mass-Transmitted Texts
- The Role of Certainty (Qaṭʿ) & Conjecture (Ẓann) in Abrogation
- The Views of Imām al-Haramayn & Ibn al-Subkī
-
18Conflicting Evidence & Preponderance (al-Ta’arudh & al-Tarjih)Video lesson
- The Apparent Conflict of Explicit Uttered Text (Manṭūq)
- The Different Scenarios of Conflicting Generics & Specifics
- The Four Different Levels of Reconciliation
- The Chronological Order of the Levels of Reconciliation
- Examples from the Positions of the Four Schools
-
19Scholarly Consensus (al-Ijma’) & Its TypesVideo lesson
- The Definition of Scholarly or Legal Consensus (Ijmāʿ)
- Who is Taken into Consideration for its Formation?
- Consensus, Passing of Time & its Validity
- Opposing a Consensus on a Religious Matter
- Consensus in Speech & in Action
- The Silence (Sukūt) of Some Scholars & its Formation
- Examples of all Types of Legal Consensus
-
20Opinion of a Companion of the Prophet ﷺ (Qawl al-Sahabi)Video lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
21Reports (al-Akhbar) I: Transmitted KnowledgeVideo lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
22Reports (al-Akhbar) II: Chains of TransmissionVideo lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
23Analogical Reasoning (al-Qiyas) & Its TypesVideo lesson
- The Different Types of Analogical Reasonings in Principles of Law
- [1] Analogy of Cause (ʿIllah)
- [2] Analogy of Indication (Dalālah)
- [3] Analogy of Resemblance (Shabah)
- Examples, Validity & Comparison
-
24Elements of Analogical ReasoningVideo lesson
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
-
25Impermissibility & PermissibilityVideo lesson
- The Default State (Aṣl) of Things: Impermissibility or Permissibility?
- The Main Three Views & Their Evidence
- The Middle Ground Between Permissibility (Ibāḥah) & Impermissibility (Haẓr)
- Legislation, Delegation & Propagation
- The Hanafi Position on the Issue
-
26Presumption of Continuity (al-Istishab)Video lesson
-
27The Order of Preponderance (al-Tarjih)Video lesson
-
28Independent Reasoning (al-Ijtihad) & Its TypesVideo lesson
- The Meaning of Independent Reasoning (Ijtihād)
- The Room for Error in Ijtihād
- Does One Get a Reward for Ijtihād After if He Errs?
- Ijtihād in Matters of Creed or Theology
- The Instances that Lead to Sin Due to Ijtihād
